Unani perspective of Buthūr Labaniyya (Acne Vulgaris): A comprehensive review

Abstract

Acne vulgaris (AV) is a prevalent skin condition affecting over 85% of adolescents and young adults, with prevalence ranging from 20% to 95% in Western countries.It is most common as early as ages 7-12 (preadolescent acne) and ends in the third decade of life and can lead to low self-esteem, shame, guilt, embarrassment, and stigma, resulting in psycho-social problems.Acne vulgaris is characterized by inflammatory and non-inflammatory Comedones lesions.Acne vulgaris, also known as "Buthr Labaniyya" in Unani medicine, causes white pimple-like breakouts on the nose and face that resemble milk drops or frozen ghee.These eruptions are caused by "Mdda sadidiyah" or pus-like morbid matter moving towards the skin for eradication, along with "gh bukhrt" Treatment aims to eliminate morbid matter, which is the root cause of the pathology.This review aims to demonstrate the overall concept, prevention and management of acne vulgaris in Unani system of medicine.