A comparative morphometric study of the tongue in white-eared bulbul (Pycnonotus leucotis) and bronze fallow cockatiel (Nymphicus Hollandicus)

Abstract

The tongue of bulbul was don’t fill the lower beck and divided in to apex, body, root. The apex was composed of two sharp ending that’s appear as v shape and yellow in color. While the tongue of cockatiel was pink in color and divided into three part like in bulbul, the apex was pointed with present multi groove that make the apex appear as spatula like in structure. Frenulum linguae in bulbul started from the middle of the ventral surface of the body, in cockatiel the frenulum ligue started from the start of the body at ventral surface. The body in both birds have shallow median groove that divided the conical papillae in to two side. The root of bulbul tongue was larger area from that in cockatiel. In all morphological parameter there is significant differences between the tongue of bulbul and cockatiel.