Evaluation of Ilizarov Fixation Technique in Infected Non-Union Tibial Fractures

Abstract

Background: The Ilizarov fixation method is crucial in studying infected non-union tibial fractures in orthopedics. It deals with the complex challenge of bone healing failure combined with infection. Named after Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov, this technique stabilizes fractures and fosters bone healing using circular external fixators. Aim of the Study: This study aimed to evaluate the Ilizarov fixation technique in infected non-union tibial fractures. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Department of Orthopaedics North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Sirajgonj, Bangladesh from January 2023 to December 2023. The study involved 37 patients with infected non-union tibial fractures treated with the Ilizarov fixator. A purposive sampling method was employed. Patient records were assessed for bone union, functional outcomes, and complications. Data analysis was conducted using MS Office tools. Results: Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant causative organism for infections. According to the Association for the Study and Application of the Method of Ilizarov (ASAMI) classification, bone outcomes were excellent in 45.9% and good in 35.1% of cases, while functional outcomes were rated as excellent in 48.6% and good in 37.8% of cases. Pin track infection occurred in 16.2% of cases, and limb length discrepancy in 13.5%. The mean compression duration was 37.8 weeks, with the frame remaining in place for an average of 7.4 months. Conclusion: The Ilizarov technique effectively achieves bony union and controls infection. Infected tibial non-union often leads to limb length discrepancy, deformity, sinuses, osteomyelitis, bone loss, and joint stiffness, all of which the Ilizarov technique effectively treats.