Management of varicose ulcer by the intervention of Ta‘Līq Al-‘Alaq (leech therapy): A case study

Abstract

Dilated, twisted superficial veins known as varicose veins are the result of abnormal venous valve structure and function, which leads to pathological circulation. One of the medical therapies that have been used extensively from extreme antiquity is Irsa’al-i-Alaq, or leech therapy. Through their saliva, leeches extract blood from their host and emit chemicals that cause discomfort and thin blood. Because leech saliva includes histamine and hirudin, which have been found to have an anticoagulant effect, it improves microcirculation in conditions like reduced edema and varicose veins. The purpose of this case study is to assess whether leech therapy may be used as a substitute or adjuvant treatment for varicose ulcers. It is also necessary to produce clinical evidence to support the assertions made by Unani physicians on the safety and efficacy of this therapy, which are documented in Unani literature. In this case study of five leeches were applied on right lower leg. Total twelve sittings, one sitting on every week for three months was done. Considerable improvement both in disease process and quality of life was achieved. The use of leech therapy greatly reduced the patient's symptoms and indicators. In cases of varicose ulcers, leech therapy is a proven, efficient, cost-effective, and agreeable treatment.