Therapeutic nutrition for kidney disease: A Comprehensive review

Abstract

A chronic renal parenchymal illness results in a progressive decrease of glomerular function, which is known as chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is observed in patients with kidney impairment that has persisted for three months or longer when their glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 for three consecutive months, or when it is greater than or equal to this number. A non-communicable disease, CKD is typically brought on by hypertension and diabetes. Renal replacement therapy, such as dialysis or kidney transplantation, is frequently required due to a progressive decrease of kidney function. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is the term used to describe a patient's need for renal replacement treatment. Therapeutic nutrition plays a crucial role in managing kidney disease, aiming to slow the progression of the disease, manage symptoms, and improve overall health. This review explores current dietary recommendations, nutritional interventions, and emerging trends in the nutritional management of CKD.