Advancing cotton breeding through SSR marker-assisted genetic purity evaluation: Insights from inter-specific cotton hybrid Phule Ekta

Abstract

This study examines the utility of SSR markers in hybridity testing, focusing on the "Phule Ekta” cotton hybrid. Through SSR analysis, significant genetic polymorphisms were identified between the female and male parents. SSR markers are essential for accurately assessing hybrid purity and developing resilient cotton varieties. SSR marker 6019 displayed polymorphisms between the female and male parents of the Phule Ekta hybrid, with allele sizes differing, the female allele being approximately 30 bp larger. This polymorphism signifies genetic disparities between parental lines, enhancing the hybrid's genetic diversity and heterozygosity, indicating genetic variation at the SSR locus. The study highlights the importance of molecular tools, especially in heterosis breeding, aiming for hybrids with high yields, superior fibre properties, and resistance to pests and diseases. Overall, this research provides valuable insights for cotton breeders to select superior hybrid cultivars, addressing the evolving demands of agriculture.