Placental mesenchymal dysplasia associated with severe fetal growth restriction: A case report

Abstract

Placental mesenchymal dysplasia is an uncommon condition attributed to abnormal mesenchyme leading to stem villous hyperplasia and vesicle formation in the placenta. On antenatal ultrasound it is easily confused with a molar pregnancy and hence, there is always a possibility of a medical termination of pregnancy. Here, we present a case report where the ultrasound scan was suggestive of a molar pregnancy but with no obvious abnormalities in the fetus. The pregnancy was monitored closely with regular ultrasound scans and was continued to almost full term. The patient underwent an elective Caesarean section in view of severe intrauterine growth restriction. A small for gestational age female baby was delivered with no apparent congenital malformations. Placental mesenchymal dysplasia was ascertained by the pathological examination of the placentaen.