Effects of implantable cardiac devices on the tricuspid regurgitation and right ventricle function

Abstract

Background: Implantable cardiac pacemaker devices, like pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), may adversely affect the function of the right side of the heart and the tricuspid valve. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) using 2D echocardiography following cardiac pacemaker device implantation. Methods: This prospective cohort study was carried out on 30 patients with indications of implanted permanent pacemaker’s leads according to guidelines. All patients were subjected to 12-lead ECG and echocardiography assessment. Results: After 6 months of pacemaker device implantation, TR and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) were significantly higher than baseline. Meanwhile tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), RV E/E, RV S’ velocity and Fractional Area Change (FAC) were significantly lower than baseline. Conclusion: Implantable cardiac pacemaker devices showed a negative impact on both TR and RV function, as evidence of TR and RV dysfunction can be observed six months following device placement.