Review of ichthyological studies of poultry manure and its impacts on fish growth and water quality

Abstract

Poultry manure is considered one of the best organic manures due to their rich nutrient content, including major nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), as well as various trace elements. Poultry manure as a fertilizer in limited dose in aquaculture systems can contribute to significant fish production and in improving water quality. The indiscriminate application of high amounts of poultry droppings in aquaculture ponds can have detrimental effects on water quality, plankton populations, and fish growth. Sustainable aquaculture practices, including proper nutrient management, stocking density regulation, and regular monitoring of water quality parameters, are essential to mitigate these adverse impacts and ensure the long-term viability of aquaculture operations.