Deciphering the interactions between genetic elements and environmental factors in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes: Valuable perspectives unveiled through AMMI modeling and GGE biplots analysis

Abstract

This study examined genotype-environment interaction among 45 rice genotypes during the 2020-21 & 2021-22 Kharif seasons in Chhattisgarh, India. Genotype main effect plus genotype by environment interaction analysis was employed to assess the interplay between genotype and environment, highlighting Genotype-environment interaction as the primary source of variation. The first two principal components of the GGE bi-plot explained substantial variability. Additive main effect and multiplicative interaction analysis identified Environment 1 as the most influential for yield. High-performing genotypes (G26, G60, G3, G37, G46, G49, G36, G14 and G6) were consistent across diverse environments, holding significance for rice breeding programs. These findings are valuable for selecting potential candidates for commercial cultivation to enhance both yield and stability across varying conditions, facilitating targeted trait improvement and robust rice cultivar development.