Ameliorative effect of Anthocephalus cadamba, Brassica juncea and Pithecellobium dulce against fipronil-induced hemato-biochemical alterations in rats

Abstract

Exposure to pesticides can lead to a range of disorders, spanning from simple topical irritations to intricate systemic illnesses. Current study was designed to explore the toxic impact of fipronil, a phenylpyrazole insecticide, on hematological and serum biochemical parameters and the potential alleviating effects of extracts from Anthocephalus cadamba (Kadamba), Brassica juncea (Mustard), and Pithecellobium dulce (Jungle jalebi) in rats. Rats were randomly divided into eight groups, each having 6 rats. Group I served as the control group, receiving only corn oil (serving as the vehicle for fipronil) @ 10 ml/kg b.w daily for 28 days. Group II served as fipronil treated group @ 10 mg/kg b.w. daily for 28 days. In Groups III, IV, and V, Fipronil was administered orally (10 mg/kg b.w. daily for 28 days) along with extracts of leaves of A. cadamba, seeds of B. juncea, and fruits of P. dulce, respectively (each @ 300 mg/kg b.w. daily for 28 days). While Groups VI, VII and VIII received only extracts of leaves of A. cadamba, seeds of B. juncea, and fruits of P. dulce, respectively (@ 300 mg/kg b.w. daily for 28 days). Fipronil treatment led to a significant decrease in TEC, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, DLC, TLC and Lymphocytes while significant increase in Neutrophil, Monocyte, and Eosinophil counts. Biochemical parameters viz. ALT, AST, LDH and, creatinine kinase were significantly increased in fipronil treated rats. Administration of Kadamba, Mustard, and Jungle Jalebi extracts effectively restored these altered haemato-biochemical values. It was concluded that Kadamba, Mustard, and Jungle Jalebi extracts are having a potential protective or mitigating role against the deleterious impact of fipronil exposure in rats. Jungle Jalebi exhibited superior ameliorative effects on serum haemato-biochemical parameters compared to groups treated with Mustard and Kadamba.