Formulation In-vitro evaluation of Sulfanilamide 15% vaginal cream

Abstract

Sulfanilamide is a sulfonamide antibiotic that has been used to treat various bacterial infections, especially in the genitourinary tract. However, its oral administration is associated with adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting, hypersensitivity, and hemolytic anaemia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate a sulphanilamide 15% vaginal cream as an alternative dosage form. The cream was prepared by using a fusion method with Lanoline as a base. The cream was then evaluated for its physicochemical properties, such as pH, viscosity, spreadability, homogeneity, and stability. The cream was also tested for its in-vitro antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans using agar diffusion method. The results showed that the cream with mixed base had the most favorable characteristics, such as pH of 4.8, viscosity of 25789 mpa.s, spreadability of 10 cm, and homogeneity of 98.5%. The cream also exhibited good stability under accelerated and normal conditions for three months. The cream showed significant antimicrobial activity against all the tested microorganisms, with inhibition zones ranging from 15 to 25 mm. The cream was found to be non-irritant and safe for vaginal application.