An observational study of effect of mullerian anomalies on pregnancy

Abstract

Context: Although uterine anomalies are the most typical kind of mullerian abnormality, it is challenging to determine the disorder's real prevalence [2]. The most typical kind of mullerian anomaly is uterine abnormality. On an average, they have a three to four percent prevalence rate. Congenital mullerian anomalies refer to a variety of uterine malformations brought on by improper embryologic canalization of the mullerian ducts and fusion to create a normal uterine cavity. These flaws are inherited and incurable from birth. Aims and ObjectiveThe objectives of this research are to characterize the uterine congenital defects, their severity, and the effects of each on pregnancy.This study aims to assess several pregnancy-related outcomes, including malpresentation, premature birth, a greater risk of cesarean section, and abortions in uterine abnormalities.To study the mode of delivery in women with mullerian anomalies.Material and Method: Following receipt of approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee, an observational study was carried out at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Dhiraj Hospital.Antenatal patients at Dhiraj hospital who had a singleton pregnancy with a history of mullerian malformations, or those who had an accidental diagnosis of mullerian abnormalities by ultrasound or caesarean birth, participated in this study.Study period: October 2022- April 2023Study design: Observational studySample size: 10Result: The most common indication for a caesarean section was malpresentation, seen in 8 out 10 cases (66.7%). 30% of the patients were primigravida and around 50% belonged to 2nd and 3rd gravida. Bad pregnancy outcomes were seen in unicornuate and bicornuate uterus with history of 2 and >2 spontaneous abortions respectively in the past. All women with an Arcuate uterus had delivered a fetus at full term in this study. However preterm delivery <34 weeks was seen with unicornuate and didelphys uterus.Discussion and Conclusion: On a frequent basis, obstetricians are confronted with a fascinating clinical problem that is known as congenital Mullerian deformities. It has been said that the prevalence of this condition varies from 2% to 4% among women of reproductive age; however, the prevalence of this condition can reach anywhere from 5% to 25% among women who have had poor reproductive results. Patients who have uterine abnormalities have a considerably increased risk for a broad variety of poor pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm birth, malpresentation, and cesarean delivery. This risk is much higher for patients who have uterine abnormalities than for patients who do not have uterine abnormalities.