Pathology of tubo-ovarian lesions in a tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Introduction: An adnexal mass (mass arising from ovary, fallopian tube or the surrounding connective tissue) is a common clinical presentation. Differential diagnosis of adnexal mass can vary from simple cyst to life threatening ectopic pregnancies to ovarian malignancy. Ovarian malignancies have very few and non-specific symptoms, so they are diagnosed at a very late stage leading to a very poor prognosis.Material and Method: The study was conducted on adnexal masses during the period of January 2022 to July 2023, with a total of 183 cases in the Department of Pathology.Results: Tubal ectopic pregnancy is the most common lesion comprising of 113(61.7%) cases of total 183 case studies. Majority of the ectopic pregnancies including the ruptured ectopic pregnancy were found in the age group of 21-40 years. The maximum number of benign tumors were seen in the age group of 21-40 years, whereas maximum number of malignant tumors were seen in > 41 years of age.Conclusion: Tubo-ovarian lesions manifest with a wide variety of clinical and pathological features. Histopathological examination is the gold standard for the diagnosis of these lesions. Use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and cytogenetic study can be very helpful for improving the diagnostic accuracy.