Occurrences of different types of Solar Flares with Sunspot number during solar cycle 23-25

Abstract

In this study, we analyzed different types (C, M, and X classes) of X-ray solar flares occurring in sunspot groups. We have made an attempt to study the occurrence of (X, M ,C & B)- class flares and Sunspot number during the period 1996 - 2023, the occurrence of total number of (X, M, C & B) class flares are 92, 203, 105 and 06 respectively. This review focuses on recent observations in EUV, soft and hard X-rays, white light, and radio waves. The number of sunspots seen on the surface of the sun, changes from year to year. This rise and fall in sunspot counts is a cycle. The sunspot cycle begins at a maximum and increases as the interior magnetic field becomes increasingly distorted as sunspot activity increases the distance between the equator of the sun and the newly formed bipolar group decreases. Sunspot maximum is recognized by containing numerous sunspots with the latest pair being near 12 and 8 degrees solar latitude north to south.