Decoding the complexity of caesarean scar pregnancy: A rare and life-threatening complication

Abstract

Caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the implantation of a gestational sac within the scar tissue of a previous caesarean section (CS). Its incidence has been on the rise with the increasing rate of CS. This case report presents a 25 year old female of gravida 2, para 1 who developed CSP. At 7 weeks and 2 days of gestation, the patient presented with vaginal bleeding and rapidly deteriorating hemodynamics. Immediate resuscitation and blood transfusion were administered. Transvaginal ultrasound confirmed CSP, and surgical intervention became necessary due to uncontrolled bleeding. Intraoperatively, the placenta was found to be deeply adherent to the previous CS scar, requiring meticulous surgical techniques for its removal. The patient recovered successfully and was discharged in stable condition. This case report contributes to the understanding of CSP, highlighting the challenges and decision-making processes involved in its management. It reinforces the need for timely intervention and collaborative care in CSP cases, ultimately ensuring optimal outcomes for both mother and fetus.