Prevalence of Anemia: A comprehensive review

Abstract

Anemia is a prevalent condition associated with inadequate nutrition and global health concerns that impact both emerging and wealthy nations. It presents significant health hazards and poses challenges to social and economic progress. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that around one-third of the global population is affected by anemia, primarily attributed to inadequate consumption of nutrient-rich diet. The objective of this review is to acquire a deeper understanding of anemia, encompassing its various classifications, etiology, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic interventions, with the intention of disseminating knowledge to the general population on this pathological condition. Anemia, a prevalent public health issue, is known to result in compromised cognitive and psychomotor development, diminished work productivity, and stunted growth in children. The primary etiological factors can be attributed to inadequacies in nutrition and infestations by parasites. The primary etiologies of anemia are nutritional deficiencies; specifically iron deficiency anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency anemia, and folate deficiency anemia.