GCMS analysis and antifungal activity of leaf extracts of Ailanthus excelsa (Roxb), against Fusarium oxysporum causal agent of Fusarium wilt disease in tomato

Abstract

Fusarium wilt disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum, poses a significant threat to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production worldwide. In this study, leaf extracts of Ailanthus excelsa were subjected to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to identify its chemical constituents. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, and fatty acids. Notably, several compounds with known antifungal properties were identified, such as squalene, quercetin, and β-sitosterol. The antifungal activity of Ailanthus excelsa leaf extracts against Fusarium oxysporum was evaluated using in vitro assays. The extracts exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth and spore germination of Fusarium oxysporum. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential of Ailanthus excelsa leaf extracts as a source of natural antifungal agents against Fusarium oxysporum, the causal agent of Fusarium wilt disease in tomato. The GC-MS analysis identified bioactive compounds that contribute to the antifungal activity. These findings offer promising prospects for the development of eco-friendly and sustainable strategies to combat fungal diseases in agricultural settings, reducing the reliance on chemical pesticides and promoting environmentally friendly practices in tomato cultivation.