Treatment of warts by intralesional immunotherapy

Abstract

Intralesional immunotherapy is considered a promising treatment options in various types of warts. It elicits a robust cellular immune response to modulate the equilibrium between Th1 and Th2 immune reactions, resulting in the elimination of HPV.The antigen is injected intralesionally into the largest wart with or without pre-sensitization. The injected quantity typically exhibits variation within the range of 0.1 to 0.3 ml, whereas the average number of sessions required to get an adequate response often falls within the range of 2 to 6 sessions. Multiple antigens can be used as Candida albicans antigen, PPD, MWV, Vitamin D and vaccines like MMR, BCG, HBV and VZV.The reduction of recurrences after successful therapy, and comprehensive eradication of each of the managed and untreated warts can occur either in close proximity to the injected wart or at anatomically distant locations, are promising advantages over traditional therapies.It is linked to mild, inconsequential negative reactions that primarily manifest locally and systemically. These consequences include pain, oedema, erythema, and symptoms resembling those of flu. It is contraindicated in individuals having allergic response to antigens, immunosuppression and chronic diseases.