Microbial consortium-induced changes: A comprehensive study on the physical and chemical properties of sewage sludge

Abstract

Researchers investigate sewage sludge for sustainable agriculture, aiming to boost soil fertility. Challenges arise from potential contaminants, necessitating responsible use through safety standards, risk assessments, and microbial enrichment. The ongoing study assesses sewage sludge before and after microbial enrichment, aligning with environmental stewardship. A modest increase in water-holding capacity and a slight post-enrichment decline in pH, ultimately stabilizing. The elevated soluble salt content implies heightened electrical conductivity linked to organic matter decomposition. Initial organic carbon (OC) decreases, indicating carbon loss, with the C: N ratio suggesting mineralization and increased nitrogen content post-enrichment. Elevated levels of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) suggest microbial activity, while calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) remain largely unchanged, sulfur (S) constant, and micronutrients show a slight increase after enrichment. Heavy metal assessments reveal no cadmium, and concentrations of Ni, Pb, and Cr remain stable, meeting municipal solid waste compost standards. This holistic exploration demonstrates the potential of sewage sludge in sustainable agriculture, emphasizing careful management practices for environmental and agricultural benefits.