A review of water quality index (WQI) assessment methods

Abstract

The assessment of water quality is of paramount importance in ensuring the health and sustainability of aquatic ecosystems and safeguarding human well-being. The Water Quality Index (WQI) has emerged as a comprehensive and effective tool for quantifying the overall quality of water by integrating multiple physicochemical, biological, and ecological parameters. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the Water Quality Index as a valuable metric for evaluating water quality, its development over time, its application in various contexts, and its limitations. This review seeks to contribute to a deeper understanding of the Water Quality Index's utility, accuracy, and relevance in modern water quality management practices. Ultimately, this review underscores the vital role of the Water Quality Index in aiding policymakers, researchers, and environmental practitioners in making informed decisions to protect and improve water resources worldwide.