A detailed retrospective analysis of time taken in conventional total knee arthroplasty and comparision with navigation assisted total knee arthroplasty

Abstract

Introduction: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a prevalent procedure for alleviating pain and restoring joint function in patients with knee joint deterioration. Navigation-assisted robotic total knee arthroplasty (NARTKA) is an emerging technique aiming to improve surgical precision and patient outcomes. Concerns regarding prolonged surgery duration and associated morbidities have driven interest in advanced technologies. This study investigates the impact of robotic assistance on surgery time, focusing on NARTKA and its additional steps.Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted at Apollo Hospitals Chennai from January to June 2023, involving 60 patients who underwent conventional or NARTKA. Only experienced surgeons (≥ 15 years) were included. The study aimed to compare surgical time between conventional TKA and NARTKA, as well as analyze time consumption in various NARTKA steps.Results: Comparative analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in mean time between Incision time, Bone pin time, Bone registration time, Balancing time, Bone preparation time, Implant trial time, and Final implantation time in robotic TKA (P=0.891). Similarly, there was no significant difference in time between Incision time and final implantation time between Conventional TKA and Robotic TKA (P=0.219).Conclusion: While NARTKA shows slightly extended surgical duration compared to traditional TKA, the difference is not significant for highly experienced surgeons. Areas for improvement include bone registration and ligament balancing, which could enhance efficiency. Modifications to navigation-assisted robotic equipment and improved training for surgical staff are crucial. As technology evolves, advanced methods may outpace traditional approaches in terms of speed.