Copper toxicity in aquatic ecosystem: A Review

Abstract

Heavy metals, such as copper, are naturally occurring elements with high atomic weight and density, present in trace concentrations in various environmental matrices. However, heavy metal contamination has been on rise in India, affecting industries and agriculture. Copper is one of the most harmful heavy metals, causing adverse effects on human health and aquatic ecosystems. In particular, crustaceans, play crucial roles in aquatic environments but have not been adequately studied. This review aims to explore the impact of copper on aquatic system with special reference to crustaceans and their potential as bioindicators in aquaculture. The origin and sources of heavy metal in water, their toxicity, and effects on fishes and other aquatic organisms are also discussed. Comprehensive research on aquatic bodies and bioindicators is essential to address the challenges posed by heavy metal pollution for sustainable aquatic environments and human well-being.