A comprehensive review: Effects of different package types and storage techniques on wheat seeds Triticum aestivum (L.)

Abstract

The samples were treated with the recommended dose of malathion, recommended rate of phosphine, the powders and extracts of each of (ficus, camphor, clove), the powder of copper nanoparticles and untreated seed as a control treatment. Treated seed were stored in different packages (Jute, Plastic and Polyethylene) for months. The most important results can be summarized as follows: Increasing storage periods of wheat seed up to months significantly affected storage efficacy, vitality and quality of wheat seed. The best results of storage efficacy of wheat recorded when seed stored in polyethylene packages, followed by seed stored in jute packages and lastly stored in plastic packages. Seed treated with copper nanoparticles were the best in germination percentage, electrical conductivity, acidity, protein percentage, carbohydrate percentage, relative density and 1000-seed weight. The best treatment for acidity, relative density, 1000-seed weight, and insect infestation rate was malathion. In terms of moisture percentage, insect infestation %, and weight loss percentage, phosphine performed best. The length of storage has a significant impact on the quality of wheat seeds. The aim of storage is to offer the best possible preservation of the physiological and physical traits of the seed. By preserving the initial seed moisture content and lowering respiration, the storage packing should help slow down the rate of deterioration. Depending on how easily water vapour may exchange between the seeds and the atmosphere, the qualities of the packaging containers affect how quickly seeds deteriorate. Therefore, this experiment was created to ascertain the impact of storage durations, package kinds and the use of natural and synthetic materials to treat wheat seed on storage effectiveness, seed viability and seed quality in relation to environmental factors.