Potential of plants to treat argulosis disease in fresh water fish

Abstract

Fresh water fish, such as carp (Cyprinus carpio), koi (Cyprinus carpio), koki (Carassius auratus) and comet (Carassius auratus auratus) have great opportunities for developing aquaculture in Indonesia. However, the presence of argulosis disease caused by ectoparasites Argulus sp. be one of the obstacles. This parasitic infestation can cause fish to experience a decrease in body weight, weakness, bleeding, secondary infection, decrease in sale value and even death. This condition economically will have an impact on decreasing the income of cultivators. The use of synthetic chemicals, including trichlorfon as an insecticide, has been used to control this ectoparasite. However, trichlorfon will have an impact on physiological changes, fish growth, and the balance of aquatic ecosystems, because it can leave residues that can enter into environmental components, the active ingredients are very difficult to decompose in nature and resistance can occur in target parasites so that the eggs can reappear when used. Insecticides not in accordance with the rules of use. In addition, it can cause residues in the body of the fish. Alternatives for controlling argulosis in fish farming can use medicinal ingredients derived from plants. Pharmacologically medicinal plants have therapeutic effects as antibacterial, antiparasitic and immunostimulant, apart from that they are safe for the environment and have minimal side effects for fish and humans who consume them. So the purpose of writing this article is to describe the potential of plants as medicinal plants to treat argulosis disease in cultivated freshwater fish. Based on the above studies, proves that several plant species, including Morinda citrifolia, Carica papaya, Moringa oleifera, Syzygium aromaticum, Nicotiana tabacum, Allium sativum and Areca catechu, have been able to control Argulosis disease caused by ectoparasites Argulus sp. which infects several types of cultivated fish including goldfish (Cyprinus carpio), koi (Cyprinus carpio), comets (Carassius auratus auratus), and koki (Carassius auratus). A treatment used by immersion. The dosage used varies depending on the preparation, the type of plant and the type and size of the fish.