Bone Morphogenic protein-2 in the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla: A systematic review

Abstract

The interaction between stem cells and growth factors plays a major role in the regeneration of the pulp-dentin complex. Studies have reported the potential role of Bone Morphogenic Proteins (BMPs) in the growth and differentiation of cells. The purpose of the present systematic review was to analyze the role of Bone Morphogenic Protein-2 (BMP-2) in the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of Stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP). The search was conducted across PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. In-vivo and in-vitro studies published between 2000 and 2022 were evaluated for the outcome. The quality assessment of the studies was done using the QUIN assessment tool. After applying the keywords, and filters along with inclusion & exclusion criteria, a total of six articles were selected for the present systematic review, all of which were in-vitro studies. The studies reported that BMP-2 significantly enhanced the osteogenic/odontogenic potential of SCAP cells. Moreover, BMP-2 could act synergistically with various other factors to bring about the desired effect. Being a potential growth factor in the regeneration of the pulp-dentin complex, the application of BMP-2 can be extended to the clinical scenario for various cell-free and cell-based regenerative approaches.