Study on risk factors and pattern of coronary artery involvement in young acute coronary syndrome patients: a study in national institute of cardiovascular diseases and hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract

Introduction: Coronary artery disease is a global health problem reaching an epidemic proportion in both developed and developing countries and is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Objective: To compare the risk factors and pattern of coronary artery involvement in young acute coronary syndrome patients with that of the older patients. Methods: This was a cross sectional analytic study done in the Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Hospital during July 2018 to June 2019. Results: Study population was divided into two subgroups, those 18-36 years were considered as young and those >36 years were considered as orderly. Young patients had greater prevalence of smoking, dyslipidemia and positive family history of Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD), whereas hypertension was more prevalent in the older patients. Younger patients mainly presented with STEMI and predominantly had single vessel disease (SVD), whereas older patients frequently presented with NSTEMI and Unstable angina and had higher incidence of double vessel disease (DVD) and triple vessel disease (TVD). Conclusion: Younger patients had a different pattern of risk factors and coronary artery involvement in comparison to the older patients.