Mandibular brown tumor revealing an ectopic parathyroid adenoma

Abstract

The case report presents a 47-year-old female patient. She was suffering a painful clinical mandibular lesion. The histological diagnosis returned in favor of a brown tumor (osteitis fibrosa cystica). The patient did not present any signs of hypercalcemia. The biology report shows an hypercalcemia and an elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. The Sestamibi (methoxyisobutylisonitrile) scintigraphy returned in favor of an ectopic pathological parathyroid tissue in the upper mediastinal zone. The excision of this tissue revealed a parathyroid adenoma, which normalized the metabolic state and regressed the mandibular lesion. This case study highlights the importance of the dosage of parathyroid hormones and the calcemia in identifying the origin of osteitis fibrosa cystica.