Epidemiology and impact of non-communicable diseases

Abstract

Non communicable diseases are the leading cause of death and disability whole over the world. The main non communicable diseases include cardiovascular disease, Cancer, Diabetes and Chronic respiratory diseases. To prevent and control the non-communicable diseases it very essential to know the epidemiology of the disease. To address any health problem it is very essential to know the size of population. Epidemiology helps to find out the frequency, distribution and determinants of diseases. Non communicable diseases kills around 41 million people each year which is equal to 74% of total death worldwide. The determinants of these disease include cultural, political environmental and socioeconomic factors, modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors and metabolic risk factors. Impact of non-communicable disease include the macroeconomic impact and microeconomic impact. Disease burden estimation based on epidemiological consideration will help the health authorities for proper policy planning and programme management.