Adherence to medication among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary hospital in Keffi, Nigeria: The impact of pharmaceutical care intervention

Abstract

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of pharmaceutical care intervention on medication adherence as a health outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes in tertiary hospital in Keffi. Methods: A randomized controlled study was conducted on 240 patients with type 2 diabetes accessing care in the diabetes clinic and general out-patient clinic of FMC Keffi. Patients were randomized into control and intervention groups. Participants in the intervention group received pharmaceutical care intervention administered through non-pharmacological approach, from clinical pharmacists while the control group patients received normal care without any special training from the clinical pharmacists. Medication adherence was assessed at the baseline, at three months, six months and at 12 months for both intervention and control Groups using an 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Results: After twelve months follow-up, statistically significant changes were achieved in medication adherence in the intervention group, from baseline to 3 months (p-value 0.001), 6 months (p-value 0.001) and 12 months (p-value 0.001). Again, number of hospitalised patients in the intervention group (13), is proportionately minimal and the difference (p