Wastewater fish culture-way towards water reuse

Abstract

Earth is the only known planet where life exists. This is possible only due to presence of water and oxygen. Water is the most precious and major requirement for all life on earth. But only a small quantity of clean water is available to be usable by humans. Increase in population growth and development put several pressure in getting access to good quality water resulting in water scarcity. India is one of the countries worldwide facing water stress. In such circumstances, wastewater reclamation and reuse in various fields is the important method to cope up with water scarcity. Annual discharge of domestic sewage in India, contains around 90, 32, 55 Million Tonnes of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. Such nutrious water can be made use in aquaculture since aquaculture is an highly water intensive endeavor because large quantity of water is required for the culture year-around and the availability of water is a constrain in the dry months and in rural areas, where there is freshwater scarcity. Hence wastewater fish culture is an economical and helping towards sustainable production. This article deals with importance, scarcity of water and major use of sewage in aquaculture.