Biomechanical variables assisting in talent identification in alpine skiing

Abstract

The current study focuses on the biomechanical variables which are responsible for performance enhancement or performance reduction during alpine ski races. A number of research papers have been reviewed and various biomechanical variables were included in this study. These variables include aerodynamic drag, air resistance, snow and ski frictional forces, 3D kinematics of body parts, ground reaction forces, gliding time on skies, mechanical forces and various external forces disturbing a skiers performance. The results of the study showed that there is a significant relation between specific strength and performance. 3D kinematics is helpful for measuring various body movements. It was found that greater ground reaction forces occurred during the turning phase when skies are in fall line. There was a significant increase in gliding times due to edging. Energy cost was greater during turning time. Acceleration was reduced by frictional forces. Body position and ski suit and size are very important for alpine skiing performance enhancement.