Open reduction and internal fixation by intramedullary pinning of humerus fracture in a house sparrow (Passer domesticus) and subsequent release: A case report

Abstract

Avian fracture surgery is quite distinct from mammalian fracture surgery. Avian bones are brittle and prone to fragmentation or shattering upon impact, and long bones lack sufficient soft tissue and muscle support. We present a successful case of an open reduction and internal fixation of a humerus fracture in a house sparrow using intramedullary pinning. The male house sparrow was found with a drooping wing, bleeding from a wound on the medial aspect of his right arm, and a complete compound fracture of his right humerus. It was decided to correct the fracture surgically via open reduction and internal fixation. Postoperative physiotherapy included PROM (passive range of motion) exercises with wing flexion and extension. Intramedullary pinning using a hypodermic needle resulted in excellent fracture immobilisation. The bird recovered completely and regained its normal flight ability.