Bone cement

Abstract

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone–cement was introduced in the 1960s for fixation of total hip arthroplasty replacement components. The use of PMMA bone cement has been a key factor in the advent of joint replacement as a surgical option. Long-term results of cement fixation for hip and knee arthroplasty have been extremely good. Although the use of PMMA bone–cement has enabled long-term survival of joint arthroplasty implants, there has been concern about aseptic loosening.Despite revolutionary changes in joint replacement technology for the treatment of hip and knee arthritis, the use of PMMA bone cement in its intraoperative application has not significantly changed. Bone cement implantation syndrome (BCIS), It is an important cause of intraoperative mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing cemented hip arthroplasty and may also be seen in the postoperative period in a milder form causing hypoxia and confusion. It is possible to identify high risk groups of patients in which avoidable morbidity and mortality may be minimized by surgical selection for uncemented arthroplasty. Invasive anaesthetic monitoring should be considered during cemented arthroplasty in high risk patients.