Comparative ex-vivo evaluation of the expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in Leukocyte and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF), injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin (i-PRF), & Stored Whole blood: An ELISA based observational study

Abstract

Introduction: Platelets have a vital role in haemostasis, healing and secretion of growth factors. The biologically active peptides in platelets significantly modulate proliferation of human pluripotent stem cells including periodontal ligament cells, thus, aiding regeneration. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic growth factor that promotes healing. Objective: Evaluation of expression of VEGF levels in Leukocyte and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF), injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin (i-PRF, and stored whole blood.Methodology: Autologous blood was collected in sterile/citrated vacutainers by drawing peripheral blood samples from 10 healthy subjects. Each sample was divided into 3 groups (Stored Whole Blood, L-PRP & i-PRF). The samples were processed for preparation of Platelet Concentrates viz Leukocyte and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF), injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin (i-PRF) as per Choukroun’s protocols. Quantitative assessment of expression of VEGF was carried out with ELISA. Comparative statistical analysis was performed using SYSTAT-13 software.Results: Quantitative analysis of VEGF revealed higher levels in Leukocyte and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF), injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin (i-PRF) compared to those of stored whole blood groups.Conclusion: Leukocyte and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF), injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin (i-PRF) having increased expression of VEGF can be preferentially applied in regenerative periodontal treatment protocols.