Susceptibility status of Aedes aegypti to pyrethroids in Usmanu Danfodiyo University main campus, Sokoto, Nigeria

Abstract

Study was conducted to assess the level of insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti to different pyrethroids in four different locations within the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto (UDUS) main campus. Larvae and pupae of the mosquito were obtained from Biological Garden, Gidan Yaro, Adarawa and Gidan Yunfa communities. The collected larvae and pupae were taken to the Entomology Laboratory of Usmanu Danfodiyo University and reared on plastic containers. The newly emerged adults were aspirated into separate containers and fed with sugar solution. The 2-5 days old adult females of Aedes mosquitoes were subjected to WHO bioassays to assess the mortality effects of Alphacypermethrin, Deltamethrin, and Lambdacyhalothrin and Permethrin insecticides on Ae. Aegypti mosquitoes. The knockdown mosquitoes were counted and recorded for an hour. Final mortality count was done24 hours post-exposure. Results obtained revealed that the tested mosquitoes yielded different level of resistance to the insecticides. Maximum efficacy of 98-100% mortality was recorded on treatment with Alphacypermethrin across all the sites. Permethrin was susceptible to mosquitoes from Gidan Yunfa and Gidan Yero. Mosquitoes across all the sites were resistance to Lambdacyhalothrin and Deltamethrin with mortality ranging from 76-84%. The least mortality of 68% was recorded on mosquito population from Adarawa treated with Permethrin.