Effect of climate change on sugarcane crop: A review

Abstract

Sugarcane (Saccharam offcinarum L.) is a monocotyledon and perennial large grass belongs to family Gramineae (Poaceae). It is a C4 agro-industrial crop cultivated broadly in two distinct agro-climatic regions known as tropical and sub-tropical in the world. It is a long duration crop and requires 10-15 and even 18 months to mature, depending upon the geographical condition. There are several factors which effect the sugarcane growth and development. Out of these factors, climate change is one which badly affects the crop. Climate change may influence the sugarcane crop in its favour or create stress condition. Among several climatic factors, rainfall and temperature is the major and comes under the most crucial weather parameters of sugarcane for its productivity. The increase in temperature and CO2 is causing global warming and also leads to deficit in rainfall resulting decline in crop production. Therefore assessing the effect of climate change and its impact on crop growth is very important to harvest the maximum potential yield of all the varieties in future.