Physical, functional, nutritional, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum)

Abstract

Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum) is a nutritious grain and is also known as cow grass, rice grass, ditch millet, Native Paspalum, or Indian crown grass. Physico functional properties revealed that kodo millet was dark grey in colour before dehulling and light yellow in colour after dehulling with a mean size of 1.66±0.09 mm. The mean hydration capacity of the grains was 1.81±0.57g/1000 seeds, with an index of 34.98±0.31 per cent. Swelling capacity and swelling idex of the grain were 1.2±0.1ml/1000 g seeds, and 31.8±0.62 per cent. The increase in weight and volume were 184.8±0.26 and 249.83±0.28 per cent respectively with a swelling power of 3.28±0.03 g/g and solids loss to an extent of 14.02±0.38 per cent. The mean macro nutrient composition of kodo millet for moisture, protein, fat, crude fiber and ash were 7.92±0.05per cent, 7.7±0.05g, 4.48±0.52g, 6.12±0.10g, 1.96±0.05g and mean micro nutrients calcium, phosphorous, iron, zinc, copper, manganese and magnesium content were 39.63±0.76 mg, 378.65±1.04mg, 3.55±0.32 mg, 2.08±0.20mg, 1.56±0.07mg, 2.97±0.14 mg/100g and 91.06±0.64 mg/100g respectively. Mean Phytic acid, polyphenol, tannin content, and antioxidant activity of kodo millet were 223.5 to 226.5 mg/g, 143±0.5 mg CE/100g, 5.04±0.01%. or 50.4 TAE/100g and 80.56±1.25% or 24.64±0.38 mg AAE/100 g.