The potentiality of endophytes bacterial in red algae as anti-microbial agents in aquaculture: A review

Abstract

There are several types of macro algae including brown, green and red algae, which have bioactive compound as anti-microbial agents. Besides that, there are endophytes bacteria that can prevent the growth of disease bacteria, especially bacteria that often attack cultivated species such as Vibrio sp. and Streptococcus sp. In red Algae, the bioactive compounds produced by endophytes bacteria has many benefits including anti-cancer, anti-coagulant, anti-viral, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory. Several studies have shown that the use of endophytes bacteria found in red algae can reduce and/or prevent the attack of bacteria on fish and other aquatic organisms. The species from genus Graciliaria has as majority found as a source of endophytes and its bioactive compounds. It can against pathogen bacteria could inhibited effectively Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, and Escherichia coli but not enough power against Enterobacter aerogenes. The inhibition zone range 3.1 ± 0.33 mm - 16.33 ± 0.58 mm.