Clinico-hematological profile in patients diagnosed with dengue fever: A prospective study

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the clinical and haematological profile in patients with Dengue fever. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine, Metro Hospital and Cancer Research Centre, Jabalpur, MP, India from Jan 2019 to Jan 2020. Total 120 patients with complaints of fever and clinical features of dengue with positive NS1 antigen test or dengue antibody serology IgM or IgG or both were included in the study. Results: Most of the cases (47.5%) were seen in the 20-30 year age group followed by 40-50 years 20.83%, 30-40 years 15%. Majority of the patients were males 78 (65%) compared to females, 42 (35%) and the male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Fever was the most common presentation and was seen in 58 cases (48.33%) cases . 54 (45%) cases showed Hb of 9-12 gm %, followed by 38(31.67%) cases showed Hb of 12-15 gm %, 9(7.5%) had Hb of below 9 gm % and 19 (15.83 % ) had Hb of above 15 gm% .63(52.5 %) cases showed hematocrit of 25-35% and 35 (29.17 %) showed hematocrit of 35-45%. 21 (17.5 %) cases, count of 4000-11000 cells/cu mm seen in 81(67.5%) cases and >11000/ cumm was seen in 18 cases (15%) as per .out of 120 cases of dengue fever, 87.5% cases had thrombocytopenia and 12.5% cases had severe thrombocytopenia (<20,000/cumm) with bleeding manifestation. Conclusion: Hemoconcentration, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and raised liver enzymes SGOT and SGPT along with reactive/ plasmacytoid lymphocytes on peripheral smear gives enough clues to test for dengue serology so that dengue cases can be diagnosed in their initial stages.