Microbiological profile and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of culture positive bacterial keratitis: A prospective observational study

Abstract

Background: Microbial keratitis is suppurative infection of cornea considered as emergency and potential threat to vision. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of microbial keratitis is required to prevent complication and blindness. So present study has been designed to determine bacteriological profile and sensitivity pattern of culture positive bacterial keratitis, risk factor associated it and treatment outcome.Material and Method: After enrolment of patients a detailed relevant history of patients regarding to mode of injury and predisposing factor were recorded and detailed clinical examination was done. Visual acuity of all patients was tested. Slit lamp biomicroscopy was performed and Corneal ulcer was examined properly. Under local anaesthesia with 4% lignocaine corneal scrap was taken from edge and base of ulcer. Sample was sent for gram stain, 10% KOH wet mount preparation, blood agar and Sabouraud's dextrose agar.Result: In present study out of 600 specimen 460(76.66%) patients were culture positive out of them 47.33% were fungal and remaining were bacterial(29.33%). Regarding bacteriological profile of culture positive corneal ulcer, we have observed that gram positive bacteria were common than gram negative. Among all staphylococcus aureus was common organism 54(30.68%).Discussion and Conclusion: From present study we can conclude that bacterial corneal ulcer is less common than funga ulcer. Regarding bacteriological profile of culture positive corneal ulcer, we have observed that gram positive bacteria were common than gram negative. Among all staphylococcus aureus was common organism followed by pseudomonas. Regarding sensitivity of common organism isolated staphylococcus was 100% sensitive to vancomycin and azithromycin, sensitivity to fluoroquinolones were from 60 % to 80 %. More than 80% pseudomonas was sensitive to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. 77.27% patients were recovered at final follow up.