Clavicular fracture: Complications

Abstract

The clavicle is easily fractured because of its subcutaneous, relatively anterior location and frequent exposure to transmitted forces. The middle third, or midshaft, is the thinnest, least medullous area of the clavicle, and thus the most easily fractured; the lack of muscular and ligamentous support makes it vulnerable to injury. It is often caused by a fall onto a shoulder, outstretched arm, or direct trauma. The fracture can also occur in a baby during childbirth.The anatomic site of the fracture is typically described using the Allman classification, Group I (midshaft) fractures occur on the middle third of the clavicle, group II fractures on the lateral (distal) third, and group III fractures on the medial (proximal) third.