A comparative study of maternal and perinatal outcome in primary pulmonary tuberculosis in pregnancy in a tertiary care institute

Abstract

Aims and objectives: early diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in pregnancy and to understand the maternal and perinatal outcome.Materials and methods: The present prospective case control study was conducted in the outpatient and inpatient unit of department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and Hospital, Mumbai. Cases: Pregnant women’s attending Antenatal care OPD or IPD who were already on Anti- tuberculosis treatment (ATT). Controls: Health pregnant women attending ANC OPD or IPD.Maternal outcome: Antenatal Hospitalization /Miscarriages/Suboptimal Weight Gain in Pregnancy/Maternal Morbidity and Mortality. Perinatal outcome: Low birth weight (LBW) /Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) / Small for Gestational Age (SGA) babies /Prematurity/Congenital anomalies. Results: The mean age of the women in the case and control groups were 24.52 years (range being 24 to 28 years) and 25.42 respectively. 89% of the active tuberculosis cases were anemic when compared with the healthy controls. 8% of active tuberculosis pregnant mothers had abortion. 27% of active tuberculosis pregnant mothers had intra uterine growth restriction when compared with the healthy controls. Conclusion: Early diagnosis is therefore a major step in the prevention of adverse outcome of tuberculosis in pregnancy. Screening of tuberculosis should be motivated even in the absence of overt signs of the diseases.