Co-relation of two point discrimination and balance in patients with type II diabetes mellitus: A cross sectional study

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is considered as a pandemic in both developing and developed countries and also a factor for increase in the rate of falls as it has potential to affect nervous system. Loss of balance is identified as a leading cause of increase in the risk of falls. Two Point Discrimination (TPD) can be a cost effective tool in early detection of impaired balance due to its role in sensory integration through mechanoreceptors and in turn providing compensatory postural adjustments. Thus, this study was aimed to determine the correlation between TPD and balance in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).Subjects and Methods: 149 patients aged 30-60 years having history of T2DM for 2 or more years able to perceive 10g of monofilament on the foot and being able to walk independently were included in this study. TPD was measured on plantar surface of toes for the patients in supine lying by Digital Vernier Caliper (DVC). Single Leg Stance Test (SLST) eyes open and eyes closed was measured for static balance. Timed Up and Go test (TUG) was measured for dynamic balance. Data was analysed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient.Results: TPD showed moderately negative correlation with SLST eyes open (r =-0.296) and SLST eyes closed (r =-0.336) and showed a weak positive correlation with TUG (r =0.188) the p value < 0.05 for all.Conclusion: This study concluded that there is a correlation between TPD perception and Balance in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus.