A study to assess the effect of nursing interventions on prevention of complications of intercostal drainage among post-operative CABG patients admitted in selected hospital

Abstract

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a type of surgery that improves blood flow to the heart. It is used for people who have severe coronary heart disease (CHD), also called coronary artery disease. CHD is a condition in which a substance called plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries. These arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to your heart. Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood. Plaque can narrow or block the coronary arteries and reduce blood flow to the heart muscle. If the blockage is severe, angina, shortness of breath, and, in some cases, heart attacks can occur. Research Approach: Quantitative research approach was used. Research design used was post-experimental post-test single group design. Conceptual framework based on theory of investigator adopted states functional relationship between events and it’s not limited statistical relationships (Wood & Haber2005).The setting for this study was the selected areas Dr, D. Y. Patil Hospitals and Research Center of Pune city. Target population was patients undergoing CABG procedure in selected hospitals of Pune city. Accessible population for the study was post-operative CABG patient with intercostal drainage. Purposive sampling technique was used for 60 post-operative CABG patients who met the designated set of criteria during the period of data collection. The tool developed which includes, Section-I: demographic variables, Section-II: Observational checklist, in complication of bleeding was added BTCT. Accidental complication added some points like Colum movement, suction pressure, clamp, drain level, etc. Section-III: In nursing, interventional plan was added as per the experts’ advice. ‘t’ test to assess the effectiveness of nursing intervention to prevent complication of ICD in post CABG patient. Chi square to associate between the selected demographic variables. Tool validity was done and tool found reliable. Study found feasible after pilot study. Results: Findings related to Fisher’s exact test for association of Pneumothorax among postoperative CABG patients with selected demographic variables. Findings related to Fisher’s exact test for association of bleeding among post-operative CABG patients with selected demographic variables. Findings related to Fisher’s exact test for association of infection among post-operative CABG patients with selected demographic variables since all the p-values are large (greater than 0.05), none of the demographic variables was found to have significant association with infection among post-operative CABG patients. Findings related to Fisher’s exact test for association of Accidental Disconnecting of system among post-operative CABG patients with selected demographic variables Since all the p-values are large (greater than 0.05), none of the demographic variables was found to have significant association with accidental disconnecting of system among post-operative CABG patients. Conclusion: The study involved Pre-experimental pre-test–post-test single group design, Non-Probability convenient Sampling technique to draw samples. The size of the sample was 60 CABG patients 61 in the selected hospital, and was done according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Observation checklist was used to assess the complications of intercostal drainage for 3 days. Corresponding p-value was small(less than 0.05), the null hypothesis is rejected. It is evident that pneumothorax, bleeding, infection, Accidental disconnecting of system, had improved significantly after nursing intervention among post-operative CABG patients. Systematic plan of assess the complications of intercostal drainage of CABG patients has shown a significant effect in reducing the complications of intercostal drainage among post-operative CABG patient