Effect of cold application combined with distraction on venipuncture pain among children

Abstract

Optimal pain management is not only an ethical practice, but also a fundamental human right. The present study aimed to study the effect of cold application combined with distraction on venipuncture pain among children at the Outpatient Department in Yangon Children Hospital by using randomized controlled trial study design. The total 124 participants were collected by using consecutive sampling and randomized into the intervention group and control group according to computer generated randomized table. Faces pain scale (revised) was used to determine the pain of children due to venipuncture. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the pain scores between two groups. The study resulted that cold application and distraction have a strongly significant effect on venipuncture pain among children (U=508.5; z=-6.71; p