The human milk microbiota-origin, probiotics properties and its benefits for Newborns babies

Abstract

Human Milk has been considered sterile and It helps to create the right environment for gut development and maturation of newborns babies. Current research is focusing on bacterial diversity and the influence of the maternal environment as well as the mode of delivery on human milk microbiota, the pathway of bacterial transfer to milk ducts, possible benefits of specific bacterial strains to new born baby. The presence of immunomodulatory factors in human milk like exosomes and microRNAs have been found. Breast milk contains many complex proteins, lipids and carbohydrates, the concentration of which alter dramatically over a single feed as well as over lactation, to reflect the infants need. Probiotics as a substance and organisms which when administered in proper amount confer health benefits for newborns babies. However, their potential benefits remain now days unexplored, as long as they are included in genera with pathogenic representatives.