Population distribution and performances of Burmese black pigs in north eastern hill eco-ecosystem of India

Abstract

The present investigation was undertaken to study the population distribution and performance evaluation of Burmese black pigs in north east region of India. A total of 900 pig farmer’s across108 villages in 14 districts of four north eastern states of India were interviewed on random basis to evaluate the population structure. Data pertaining to 275 pigs and 31 sows were utilized for study of body weight and reproductive traits respectively. Eight adult pigs of 10 months of age were slaughtered for assessment of carcass traits. The population of Burmese black pigs was estimated to be 12000 which distributed in Champhai, Kolasib and Siaha districts of Mizoram; Ukhrul, Chandel, Churachandpur and Tamenglong districts of Manipur; Phek, Kiphire, Tuensang and Mon district of Nagaland and East Khasi hills, West Khasi hills and Ri-bhoi districts of Meghalaya. Among the different states, Burmese pig population were found to be highest in Nagaland (38%) followed by Mizoram (28%), Manipur (27%) and least in Meghalaya (7%). The average body weight of Burmese black pig was found to be 0.84±0.12, 14.22±1.01 and 78.45±3.49 kg at birth, weaning and adult respectively. Litters size at birth and weaning were found to be 10.20±0.67 and 8.43±0.44 respectively. Similarly dressing percentage (%) and back fat thickness (cm) were 73.23±0.76 and 2.92±0.13 respectively. The body weight and reproductive efficiency of Burmese black pigs were found to be higher than other local pig breeds of north east region with comparable carcass performance. The information of present study may be useful to adopt suitable conservation and breeding policy for the breed as the population of these breed are in declining trend.