Hydroponic vegetable cultivation

Abstract

Many challenges have come to the limelight in recent years due to a rapid increase in the world population. One of these challenges is the reduction of the per capita land available for soil-based agriculture, leading to other agricultural and environmental problems. Under these critical circumstances, it became necessary to develop advanced technologies and techniques to withstand the current situation. While several studies have been carried out on soil and in vitro plant cultivation, few of these are based on soilless crops. Soilless agriculture is a new promising method for improving cultivation of different cash crops. Apart from the reservation and restoration of cultivation land, soilless farming, especially close-loop method, has numerous advantages: it uses recycled fixed quantities of water, saves 85–90% of irrigation water, can be implemented in unfavourable areas for ordinary farming, nearly zero contamination of the atmosphere, better yield than traditional farming. Therefore improved space and water management methods of food production under soilless cultivation have shown some promising results throughout the world.