Diagnosis of AIV by molecular diagnostic techniques

Abstract

Avian Influenza Viruses (AIV) Type A is all mammalian virus and are most important economically. These viruses exhibits antigenic variation and therefore needs highly accurate and specific diagnostic tests. As they spread widely and quickly so a rapid and timely diagnosis is required. To fulfill these requirements, molecular diagnostics techniques are most suitable for AIV. As they are RNA viruses so they can be detected by RT-PCR which has additional step of reverse transcription and formation of cDNA from RNA and subsequently denaturation, annealing and extension multiplex PCR is a step ahead PCR by amplification by multiple targets at a time and hence save time. Apart from this DNA microarray is a chip based technique which has multiple spots of oligonucleoprotein or capture on a small – chip and can bind the multiple targets and are detected by reporter dye.